{-# OPTIONS_GHC -XTypeOperators #-}
{-# OPTIONS_GHC -fno-monomorphism-restriction #-}
import Prelude hiding ((.),(+))
import Data.List hiding (groupBy)
import Control.Applicative
import Control.Monad
import Control.Monad.State
import Control.Monad.List
import Control.Monad.Identity
import Control.Arrow
infix 8 ≡
infix 8 ⤴
infix 8 ↗
(.) = fmap
(<||>) = liftA2 (||)
(&) = liftM2 (,)
p << q = do x <- q ; p ; return x
message `should` assertion = if assertion then mzero else return ()
groupBy p [] = []
groupBy p (x:xs) = let (yes,no) = sift p (p x) (x:xs)
in yes : groupBy p no
sift p e = foldr sort ([],[])
where sort x (ys,ns) | e == p x = (x:ys,ns)
| otherwise = (ys,x:ns)
type Identifier = String
type Name = String
type Arity = Integer
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type key :--> val = [(key,val)]
(k ~~> v) σ = (k,v):σ
-- type key -> val
(i --> t) σ = \e -> if e == Var i then t else σ e
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data Term = Var Identifier | (Name,Arity):>[Term] deriving Eq
instance Show Term where
show (Var v) = v
show ((name,0):>[]) = name
show ((name,_):>args) = name ++ "(" ++ intercalate "," (show . args) ++ ")"
functor (f:>_) = f
variables (Var v) = [v] ; variables (_:>vs) = variables=<<vs
σ⤴ t = case σ t of p:>ps -> p:>(σ↗ps) ; v -> if t == v then t else σ⤴ v
σ↗ ts = (σ⤴).ts
i `occur` Var _ = False
i `occur` (_:>ts) = any ((== Var i) <||> (i `occur`)) ts
(p:>ps ≡ q:>qs) σ = do "Cyclic" `should` (p /= q) ; foldM unify σ (zip (σ↗ ps) (σ↗ qs))
(Var x ≡ t) σ = do "Occurs check" `should` (x `occur` (σ⤴ t)) ; return $ (x --> t) σ
(t ≡ Var x) σ = (Var x ≡ t) σ
unify σ (p,q) = (p ≡ q) σ
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type Gensym k v m a = StateT (k :--> v,[v]) m a
withGensyms freshVariables = flip evalStateT ([],freshVariables)
names = flip replicateM ['A'..'Z'] =<< [1..]
gensym k = get >>= \(sto,g:gs) -> case lookup k sto of
Nothing -> do put ((k ~~> g) sto,gs) ; return g
Just v -> do return v
putSupply = modify . second . const
symScope p = get >>= runStateT p >>= \(v,s) -> putSupply (snd s) >> return v
copyTerm (Var v) = Var . gensym v
copyTerm (a:>as) = (a:>) . mapM copyTerm as
copyRule (p,q) = symScope (copyTerm p & mapM copyTerm q)
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type Prolog m a = ListT (StateT (Identifier :--> Identifier,[Identifier]) m) a
--type Prolog m a = ListT (StateT (Identifier :--> Identifier,[Identifier]) (StateT Bool m)) a
type Database = [((Name, Arity), [(Term, [Term])])]
--cut = lift $ lift $ put True
--uncut = lift $ lift $ put False
--branch p q = do b <- lift $ lift $ get ; if b then p else q
clause :: Database -> (Name,Arity) -> Prolog Identity (Term, [Term])
clause db functor = ListT . mapM copyRule $ lookup' db functor
lookup' q db = maybe [] id (lookup db q)
(?-) :: (Database,Term -> Term) -> Term -> Prolog Identity (Term -> Term)
--(db,σ) ?- (("!",0):>[]) = do cut ; return σ
(db,σ) ?- query = do (head,body) <- clause db (functor query)
σ <- (head ≡ query) σ
foldM (prove db) σ body
prove db σ query = (db,σ) ?- (σ⤴ query)
runQuery db query = map (⤴ query).
runIdentity.
-- flip evalStateT False.
withGensyms (names \\ variables query).
runListT$
(db,id) ?- query
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data Syntax = Term :- [Term]
makeRule (head :- body) = (functor head,[(head,body)])
mergeGroups ((functor,body):rest) = (functor,concat (body:map snd rest))
exampleDb :: Database
exampleDb = map mergeGroups $ groupBy fst $ map makeRule
[true :- [],
Var "X" == Var "X" :- [],
call(Var "P") :- [Var "P"],
and(Var "This",Var "That") :- [Var "This", Var "That"],
or(Var "This",Var "That") :- [Var "This"],
or(Var "This",Var "That") :- [Var "That"],
-- not(Var "P") :- [call(Var "P"), (!), fail],
-- not(Var "P") :- [],
flip(heads) :- [],
flip(tails) :- [],
n(z) :- [],
n(s(Var "N")) :- [n(Var "N")],
member(Var"E", Var "E" . Var "Xs") :- [],
member(Var"E", Var "X" . Var "Xs") :- [member(Var "E",Var "Xs")],
append(nil, Var "Ys",Var "Ys") :- [],
append(Var "X" . Var "XS",Var "YS",Var "X" . Var "Zs") :- [append(Var "XS",Var "YS",Var "Zs")]
] where true = ("true",0):>[];fail = ("fail",0):>[]
x==y = ("=",2):>[x,y]
call(p) = ("call",1):>[p];flip(p) = ("flip",1):>[p];not(p) = ("not",1):>[p]
(!) = ("!",0):>[];heads = ("heads",0):>[];tails = ("tails",0):>[]
and(p,q) = (",",2):>[p,q];or(p,q) = (";",2):>[p,q]
member(x,y) = ("member",2):>[x,y];append(x,y,z) = ("append",3):>[x,y,z]
nil = ("[]",0):>[];t . ts = (".",2):>[t,ts]
z = ("z",0):>[];s(x) = ("s",1):>[x];n(x) = ("n",1):>[x]
instance Show Syntax where
show (head :- []) = show head ++ "."
show (head :- body) = show head ++ " :- " ++ intercalate ", " (map show body) ++ "."
showDb = unlines (map show exampleDb)
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Sunday, 27 July 2008
Interpreter for Prolog without cut
I thought this was a good way to write a Prolog interpreter but it is very hard to add cut to. How could it be done?
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1 comment:
Could you take a look at http://muaddibspace.blogspot.com/2008/03/embedded-algol-like-language-in-prolog.html and make sure the code you posted works? I can't get it to work and neither could another commenter.
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